Herberts chinensis Steph.: Fl, E. Himal. 503 (1966). [Fig. 18]

Bhutan, Thimphu-Wangdu Phodrang, 1450-3250 m (Apr. 9, 1967); Laum Thang- Chawa Gassar, 4100 m (May 19, 1967); Nala-Tzatogang, 3400 m, Abies forest (May 26, 1967).
Distr. E. Himalaya, and W. China.

Herberta fragilis (Steph.) lierzog: Fl. E. Himal, 503 (1966). [Fig. 19]

Bhutan. Neylong-Tashiling, 2300-2400 m (Apr. 15, 1967); Tongsa, 2200 m (Apr. 17, 1967); Ritang-Ratsoo, 2000-2600 m (Apr. 23, 1967); Gasa-Chamsa, 2800-3750 m (May 14, 1967); Chawa Gassar-Seanchu Passa, 3900-4750 m (May 20,1967); Nala-Tzatogang, 3200- 3400 m (May 26, 1967).
Distr. E. Himalaya (Sikkim, Bhutan).
Previously I (1966) used Miller's (1965) combination for the author name of this taxon. Lately, however, I found an earlier combination made by Herzog (1939) [as Herberta fragilis (St.) Herz. in Ann. Bryol. 12: 80 (1939)]. The plant of this species is brown in herbaria, the stems are usually simple and 3-4. 5 cm long, the leaves arejulaccous when dry and squarrose when moist, up to 2 mm long, and ca. 3/4-(or more) bifid, the segments are very slender, terminating in a row of 6-9 uniseriate cells and more or less fragile with the apical portion frequently broken away, leaf cells are verruculose, and the vitta is well developed and connate at the disc base.

Herberta Giraldiana (Steph.) Nichols. in Handd-Mazzetti, Symb. Sin. 5: 27 (1930).

var. verruculosa Hattori, var. nov. [Fig. 20]

A typo recedit cuticula cellulae foliorum et amphigastriorum distincte verruculosa.
Plants small to medium-sized, rigid and brown in herbaria; stems 3-5 cm long, subsimplex; stem leaves imbricate, julaceous when dry, slightly or moderately secund-spreading when moist, more or less fragile with the distal portion of segments often broken away, 1.5-1.8 mm long, 2/3-(or less) bifid, segments somewhat falcate, attenuate toward the apex terminating in a row of 2-6 uniseriate cells; marginal cells of segment 10-18 × 10-13 &micio;and thick-walled (trigones indistinct), vitta cells of disc base 40-60 × 13-15 µand with trabeculate longitudinal walls and thin transverse walls; cuticle clearly verruculose throughout (striolately so in vitta area); stem underleaves more or less smaller than the leaves, symmetrical, segments divergent (50-80°).
Bhutan. Neylong-Tashiling, 2300-2400 m (Apr. 15, 1967); Nala-Tzatogang, 3400 m,Abies forest (May 26, 1967-type in NICH 287292).
Distr. var, Giraldiana: China (Shensi, Szechuan, and Yunnan); var. verruculosa: Bhutan.
In the original description Stephani (Spec. Hepat. 4: 22. 1910) did not mention the cuticle, though he usually described it except when the cuticle was smooth, H. A. Miller (Journ. Hattori Bot. Lab. 28: 316. 1965) described "Leaf cells weakly verruculose" based on the type material.

Herberta himalayana (Steph.) Herz.: Fl. E. Himal. 503 (1966).
Bhutan. Chawa Gassar-Seanchu Passa, 3900-4750 m (May 20, 1967); Barshong-Nala, 3300-3700 m (May 25, 1967).
Distr. E. Himalaya (Sikkim, Bhutan).
Formerly I (1966) used Miller's combination (1965) but Herzog (Ann. Bryol. 12: 18. 1939) already made the above combination.

Herberta Kurzii (Stcph.) Chopra: Fl. E. Himal. 503 (1966).
Bhutan. Gasa-Chamsa, 2800-3750 m (May 14, 1967); Nala-Tzatogang, 3200-3400 m (May 26, 1967).
Distr. Himalaya, W. China, and Formosa.
Formerly I (1966) used Miller's (1965) combination, but Chopra (Journ, Indian Bot. Soc, 22: 247. 1943) already made the above combination.
Herberta pseudoceylanica Hattori, sp. nov. [Fig. 21]

Herberia ceylanica H, A. Miller sensu Hatt, in Fl. E. Himal. 503 (1966).
A Herberta ceylanica (Steph.) H. A. Miller, species simillima, differt lobis foliorum scnsim apicem attenuatis, apice piloso, 8-12 cellulis uniseriatis formante, rima angustissima, caule simplici.
Plants brown in herbaria (when wet more or less deep orange-tint); stems 2-3 cm long, almost simple; leaves and underleaves julaceous when dry, ±obliquc-spreading (and squarrose above) but not secund when moist, clasping stem strongly at base, almost symmetrical, ca. 1.7 mm long, ca. 3/4-bifid sinus acute, often dosed with imbricate lobe bases, lobes ca. 1.2 mm long, basal half comparatively wide (0.3-0.4 mm wide) whereas apical half narrow, terminating in a slender tip which is composed of a row of 8-12 uniseriate cells; disc ±canaliculate, comparatively small with ±narrow base, lateral margins of disc with 1-3 small teeth tipped with slime papilla; vitta grooved below, bifid almost to the base of disc, becoming weaker and disappearing beyond the lobe middle; cells with almost smooth or very weakly verrucose cuticle (vitta cells striolately so), walls thin with nodulose trigones, cells ca. 25 & 14 µ at the lobe base, ca. 14 × 14 µ along the disc margin; vitta cells ca. 55 × 17 µ at the lobe base; underleaves similar to leaves, symmetrical.
Bhutan. Ritang-Rukubi, 2600-3400 m (Apr. 13, 1967); Nala-Tzatogang, 3200-3400 m (May 26, 1967-type in NICH 287458).
Distr. Sikkim and Bhutan.

Herberta Sendtneri (Nees) Evans: Fl. E. Himal. 504 (1966).
Bhutan. Chamsa-Yabu Thang. 3200-3700 m (May 15, 1967).
Distr. Europe, Himalaya, and W. China.

Blepharostoma trichophyllum (L.) Dum.: Fl. E. Himal. 504 (1966).
Bhutan. Ritang-Ratsoo, 2000-2600 m (Apr. 23, 1967); Gasa-Chamsa, 2800-3750 m (May 14, 1967); Chamsa-Yabu Thang, 3200-3700 m (May 15, 1967); Nala-Tzatogang. 3400 m, Abies forest (May 26, 1967).
Distr. E. Africa, Europe, Himalaya, China, Formosa, Japan, Korea, Siberia, and N. & C. America.

Bazzania ovistipula (Steph.) Abeywickrama in Ceylon Journ. Sci. (Biol.) 2 (1): 45 (1959).
Mastigobryum ovistipulum Steph., Spec. Hepat. 3: 444 (1908).
Bazzania pusilla (Steph.) Hatt.: Fl. E. Himal. 506 (1966).
Bhutan. Nala-Tzatogang, 3400-3200 m (May 26, 1967).
Distr. Ceylon, India (S. India, W. Bengal, Assam), Nepal, and Japan.

Bazzania tricrenata (Wahlenb.) Trev.: Fl. E. Himal. 506 (1966).
Bhutan. Bhotokha-Rinchu, 1450-1500 m (May 8, 1967); Gasa-Chamsa, 2800-3750 m (May 14, 1967); Nala-Tzatogang, 3400-3200 m (May 26, 1967).
Distr. Europe, Himalaya, W. China, Formosa, Korea, Japan, and N. America.
Bazzania lobulistipa (Steph.) Hatt. in Fl. E. Himal. 505 (1966) and B. pinniformis (Steph.) Hatt. in Fl. E. Himal. 506 (1966) were both reduced to synonymy under B. tridens (Reinw. et al.) Trev. by Mizutani (Journ. Hattori Bot. Lab. 30: 72. 1967). B. decurva (Nees) Trev.: Fl. E. Himal. 505 (1966) was reduced to synonymy under B, praerupta (Reinw. et al.) Trev. by Mizutani (Journ. Hattori Bot, Lab. 30: 79 & 80.1967).

Lepidozia reptans (L.) Dum.: Fl. E. Himal. 506 (1966).
Bhutan. Nala-Tzatogang, 3400 m, Abies forest (May 26, 1967).
Distr. Europe, Kashmir, Himalaya, Japan, Saghalin, Siberia, and N. America.

Lepidozia robusta Steph.: Fl. E. Himal. 506 (1966).
Bhutan. Nala-Tzatogang, 3300 m, Abies forest (May 26, 1967).
Distr. Sikkim, Bhutan, Bengal, and China.

Anastrepta orcadensis (Hook.) Schiffh.: Fl. E. Himal. 507 (1966).
Bhutan. Ritang-Ratsoo, 2000-2600 m (Apr. 23, 1967); Gasa-Chamsa, 2800-3750 m (May 14, 1967); Chamsa-Yabu Thang, 3200-3700 m (May 15, 1967); Laum Thang-Chawa Gassar, 4100-5000 m (May 19, 1967); Chawa Gassar-Seanchu Passa, 3900-4700 m (May 20, 1967); Nala-Tzatogang, 3400 m, Abies forest (May 26, 1967).
Distr. Europe (Altantic coast and the Alps), Faeroes, Himalaya, W. China (Yunnan, Szechuan), Formosa, Japan, ? Siberia, N. America (Pacific coast of Alaska), and ? Hawaii.

Anastrophyllum asslmile (Mitt.) Steph.: Fl. E. Himal. 507 (1966).
Bhutan. Laum Thang-Chawa Gassar, 4100-5150 m (May 19, 1967).
Distr. Europe (Norway, Alps), Himalaya (Nepal to Bhutan), Korea, Japan, and N. W. America.

Anastrophyllum bidens (Nees) Steph., Spec. Hepat. 2: 115 (1901).
Jungermannia bidens Nees in Nova Acta Acad. Leop. 11; 208 (1823).
Bhutan. Bhotokha-Rinchu, 1450-1500 m (May 8, 1967).
Distr. Malaya, Java, Borneo, Philippines, Japan, and (?) Tahiti.

Anastrophyllum Donianum (Hook.) Steph.: Fl. E. Himal. 507 (1966).
Bhutan, Chamsa-Yabu Thang, 3200-3700 m (May 15, 1967); Nala-Tzatogang, 3400 m, Abies forest (May 26, 1967).
Distr. Europe, Himalaya, Bengal, and W. China (Yunnan).

Anastrophyllum minutum (Crantz) Schust.: Fl. E. Himal. 508 (1966).
Bhutan. Gasa-Chamsa, 2800-3750 m (May 14, 1967).
Distr. Europe, Siberia, Himalaya, Japan, N. America, and ? S. Africa.

Chandonanthus filiformis Steph.: Fl. E, Himal. 508 (1966).
Bhutan. Laum Thang-Chawa Gassar, 4100 m (May 19, 1967); Chawa Gassar-Seanchu Passa, 3900-4750 m (May 20, 1967); Nala-Tzatogang, 3400-3200 m (May 26, 1967).
Distr. E. Himalaya, and China (Yunnan, Szechuan).

Chandonanthus hirtellus (Web.) Mitt.: Fl. E. Himal. 508 (1966).
Bhutan. Thimphu-Wangdu Phodrang, 1450-3250 m (Apr. 9, 1967); Neylong-Tashiling, 2300-2400 m (Apr. 15, 1967); Lingshi-Shodu, 4000 m (May 23, 1967); Nala-Tzatogang, 3200-3400 m, Abies forest (May 26, 1967).
Distr. Warm-temperate-subtropical regions of Asia (including Himalaya, Yunnan, and Szechuan), New Guinea, Formosa, Japan, Pacific Is, (incl. Tahiti), Madagascar, and Africa.

Tritomaria exsecta (Schmid.) Schiffn.: Fl. E. Himal. 509 (1966).
Bhutan. Nala-Tzatogang, 3300 m, Abies forest (May 26, 1967).
Distr. Europe, Madeira I., Himalaya, China, Formosa, Japan, Siberia, and N, America.

Jamesoniella nipponica Hatt. in Journ. Jap. Bot. 19: 350 (1943).
Bhutan. Ritang-Rukubi, 2600-3400 m (Apr. 13, 1967); Tashiling-Charikhachor, 2300-2450 m (Apr. 20, 1967); Tamji-Gasa, 2200-2800 m (May 13, 1967). Determined by Dr. Riclef Grolle and S. Hattori.
Distr. Bhutan, and Japan.

Jungermannia clavellata (Mitt.) Amak. in Journ. Hattori Bot. Lab. 22: 69 (1960).
Solenostoma clavellatum Mitt. ex Steph., Spec. Hepat, 2: 53 (1901).
Bhutan, Nala-Tzatogang, 3300-3400 m, Abies forest (May 26, 1967).
Distr. E. Himalaya (Nepal, Sikkim, Bhutan), India, China, and Japan.

Jungermannia Decolyana Schiffn.: Fl. E. Himal. 510 (1966).
Bhutan. Nala-Tzatogang, 3300 m, Abies forest (May 26, 1967).

var. nigricans Amak. in Journ. Hattori Bot. Lab. 30: 185 (1967).
Darjeeling. Mt. Singalila, 3950 m (Jul. 17, 1969).
Distr. var. Decolyana: Nepal, Sikkim, India (Bengal), and Japan; var. nigricans: Nepal, and India (Bengal).

Jungermannia Hasskarliana (Nees) Steph., Spec. Hepat. 2: 76 (1901).
Alicularia hasskarliana Nees in Gott. et al., Synop, Hepat. 12 (1844).
Sikkim. Phyang La, 1900 m (Jul. 1, 1969).
Distr. India (Himalaya, Bengal), Ceylon, Sumatra, Java, Celebes, Philippines, and New Guinea.

Jungermannia hyalina Lyell in Hook., Brit. Jungerm. pi. 63 (1814).
Nepal. Dhunche-Thare, 2100-2200 m (Jun. 5, 1969).
Distr. Nepal, Japan, N. America, Europe, Azores, Caucasus, and Asia Minor.

Jungermamlia limbatifolla Amak. in Journ. Hattori Bot. Lab. 31: 112 (1968).

var. radicellosa Amak., var. nov.
A typo recedit foliis et perianthiis radicellosis.
Bhutan. Nala-Tzatogang, 3400 m, Abies forest (May 26, 1967-type in NICH 287285).
Distr. var. limbatifolia: Himalaya (Darjeeling area).

Jungermannia pyriflora Steph., Spec. Hepat. 6: 90 (1917).

var. gracillima Amak., var. nov.
A typo recedit planta tenui gracillima, foliis remotis vcl remotiusculis.
Darjeeling. Mt, Singalila, 3950 m (Jul. 17, 1969-type in NIGH 301968).
Distr. var. pyriflora: Japan; var. gracillima: Singalila.

Mylia Taylori (Hook.) S.F. Gray, Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 1; 693 (1821).
Bhutan. Chamsa-Yabu Thang, 3200-3700 m (May 15, 1967). Determined by S. Hattori.
Distr. Europe, India, Nepal, Sikkim, Bhutan, China, Formosa, Japan, N. America, Greenland, and (?) Hawaii.

Nardia flagellifbrmis Inoue in Journ. Jap. Bot. 46 (1): 1 (1971).
Darjeeling. Mt, Singalila, 3650 m (Jul. 17, 1969-type in NIGH 301980); ibid., 3800m (Jul. 17, 1969).
Distr. Endemic.
There has been a single known species of the genus Nardia, N. assamica (Steph.) Amak., in the Himalayan region, The present species is very unique in its habit, and is clearly distinguished from N. assamica by the long, flagelliform caulids with very remote and small leaves. It seems to be closely related to N. Arnelliana Grolle known from a high mountain in Uganda, tropical Africa, but-the latter is separable from N.jlagelliformis in the bilobed leaves and poorly developed underleaves. How ever, both N. Arnelliana and N.flagelliformis have such important diagnostic charac teristics mentioned above and are sharply defined as sect. Flagelliformes Inoue from other Nardia (H.Inoue).

Delavayella serrata Steph.: Fl. E. Himal. 513 (1966).
Bhutan. Tzatogang-Dotanang, 2800 m, Tsuga forest (May 27, 1967).
Distr. E. Himalaya, and W. China (Yunnan, Szechuan).

Plagiochila alata Inoue: Fl. E. Himal. 513 (1966).
Bhutan. Tongsa-Uto La Road, 2200-2950 m (Apr. 17, 1967).
Distr. Endemic.

Plagiochila Duthlana Steph., Spcc, Hepat. 2: 331 (1903).
Plagiochila seminuda Inoue in Fl. E. Himal. 520 (1966).
Bhutan. Chamsa-Yabu Thang, 3200-3700 m (May 15, 1967); Chawa Gassar-Seanchu Passa, 3900-4750 m (May 20, 1967); Barshong-Nala, 3700-3300 m (May 25, 1967); Nala-Tzatogang, 3300-3400 m, Abies forest (May 26, 1967).
Distr. Himalaya.

Plagiochila firxma Mitt.: Fl. E, Himal. 515 (1966).
Bhutan. Gasa-Chamsa, 2800-3750 m (May 14, 1967); Nala-Tzatogang, 3200-3400 m (May 26, 1967).
Distr. Widely distributed from Asia to the Pacific coast of Alaska and Canada.

Plagiochila Grollei Inoue: Fl. E. Himal, 517 (1966).
Plagiochila zongiensis Inoue in Fl. E. Himal. 520 (1966).
Bhutan. Barshong-Nala, 3300-3700 m (May 25, 1967).
Distr. E. Himaraya. (E. Nepal, and Bhutan).

Plagiochila oblonga Inoue in Bull. Nat, Sci. Mus.8 (3): 398 (1965).
Bhutan. Tzatogang-Dotanang, 2800 m, Tsuga forest (May 27, 1967).
Distr. E. Himalaya (Nepal, and Bhutan).

Plagiochila orientalis Tayl: Fl. E. Himal, 518 (1966).
Bhutan. Tashiling-Gharikhachor, 2300-2450 m (Apr. 20, 1967).
Distr. E, Himalaya (Nepal to Bhutan), and Assam.

Plagiochila perserrata Herz.: Fl. E, Himal, 518 (1966).
Bhutan. Gasa-Chamsa, 2800-3750 m (May 14, 1967); Charnsa-Yabu Thang, 3200-3700 m (May 15, 1967); Nala-Tzatogang, 3200 m (May 26, 1967).
Distr. E, Himalaya, and W. China (Yunnan).

Plagiochila simlana Steph., Spec. Hepat, 2: 329 (1903).
Bhutan. Tamji-Gasa, 2200-2800 m (May 13, 1967); Nala-Tzatogang, 3400-3200 m (May 26, 1967); Tzatogang-Dotanang, 2800 m, Tsuga forest (May 27, 1967).
Distr. N.W. Himalaya (Punjab), Nepal, and Bhutan.

Plagiochila subsymmetrica Steph.: Fl. E. Himal. 520 (1966).
Bhutan. Ritang-Rukubi, 2600-3400 m (Apr. 13. 1967).
Distr. E. Himalaya (E, Nepal to Bhutan).

Plagiochila torquescens Herz.; Fl, E. Himal. 520 (1966).
Bhutan. Tongsa-Uto La Road, 2200-2950 m (Apr. 17,1967); Tashiling-Gharikhachor, 2300-2450 m (Apr. 20, 1967); Tzatogang-Dotanang, 2800 m, Tsuga forest (May 27, 1967).
Distr. E. Himalaya (Sikkim, Bhutan), and China (Yunnan).

Plagiochila ventricosa Steph., Spec. Hepat. 2: 379 (1903).
Bhutan. Rukubi-Neylong, 2400-2800 m (Apr. 14, 1967); Tongsa, 2200 m (Apr. 17, 1967); Chabecha-Lingshi, 3800-4100 m (May 22, 1967).
Distr. Himalaya, and Cey on.

Scapania bhutanensis Amakawa, sp. nov.[Fig. 22]

Sterilis. Caulis 1.5-2 cm longus, 0.3-0.4 mm in diametro, cum foliis 3-4 mm latus, simplex; sectione transversalis cellulis inaequimagnis, ipsis corticalibus 2-3 stratosis, compressis, parietibus incrassatis, ipsis medullaribus majoribus, parietibus tenuibus. Folia caulina contigua vel leviter imbricata, late patula, profunde biloba; carina brevissima, 0.2-0.3 mm longa, curvata, saepe semicircularis; lobus anticus ovatus, ±cordatus, convexus, 1.3 mm longus, 1.3-1.5 mm latus, apice obtuso, basi breviter decurrente, ubique ciliato-dentata, ciliis supcris bicellularibus, 50-100 µ longis, ipsis inferis longioribus, furcatis, complicatis; lobus posticus ovatus, decurvus, 2 mm longus, 1.5 mm latus, apice rotundato, basi longe decurrente, ubique ciliato-dentata, ciliis superis unicellularibus, ipsis inferis uni- vel bicellularibus; cellulae marginales 7-15 × 7-12 µ , mediae 15-20 × 12-15 µ, basales 25-30 × 15 µ, trigonis indistinctis vel parvis; cuticula grossc denseque verrucosa. Gemmae bicellulares.
Bhutan. Nala-Tzatogang, 3300 m, Abies forest (May 26, 1967-type in NIGH 287272).
This species belongs to sect. Gracilidac with its ciliate-dentate base of dorsal leaf-lobes, and is close to S. ciliata Sde, Lac. with its 1-2-celled marginal cilia of ventral leaf-lobes and densely verrucose cuticle of leaf-cells. However, this species has very short keels of leaves, and has furcate and complicate cilia at the base of dorsal leaf-lobes.

Scapania Harae Amak.: Fl. E. Himal. 522 (1966).
Bhutan. Gasa-Chamsa, 2800-3750 m (May 14, 1967); Nala-Tzatogang, 3400-3200 m (May 26, 1967).
Distr. E. Himalaya (Sikkim, Bhutan).

Scapania ornithopodioides (With.) Pears.: Fl. E. Himal. 522 (1966).

?Scapania pseudoferrugniea Amak.; Fl. E. Himal. 523 (1966).
Bhutan. Nala-Tzatogang, 3400 m (May 26, 1967).
Distr. E. Himalaya (E. Nepal to Bhutan).

Scapania Schiffneri Grolle in Journ. Jap. Bot. 40; 215 (1965).
Scapania fermginea (Lehm. & Lindenb.) Iehm. & Lindenb. var. minor Amak. in Journ. Hattori Bot. Lab. 27; 9 (1964)-Fl. E. Himal. 521 (1966).
Bhutan. Chawa Gassar-Seanchu Passa, 3900-4700 m (May 20, 1967).
Distr. Himalaya, Java, and Formosa.

Gymnomitrion obtusum (Lindb.) Pears, m Journ. Bot. 18: 337 (1880).
Bhutan. Laum Thang-Singke La-Chawa Gassar, 3900-4950 m (May 19, 1967).
Distr. Europe, Bhutan, and North. America; f. antarctica: Chile.
The leaves of smaller shoots resemble those of Gymnomitrion concinnatum (Lightf.) Corda, with triangular lobes whose apices are subacute-acute and with the acute and open sinus. The above-cited material may be an intermediate form between the two very closely related species, G. concinnatum and G. obtusum. Form. antarctica Herz. is a little known taxon (and may possibly be a different species).

Odontoschisma denudatum (Nees) Dum., Rec. d'Obs. 19 (1835).
Bhutan. Ritang-Rukubi, 2600-3400 m (Apr. 13, 1967).
Distr. Himalaya (Nepal, Bhutan), Siberia, China, Formosa, Japan, N. & S. America, Europe, S. Africa, and Azores.

Porella caespitans (Steph.) Hatt. in Journ. Hattori Bot. Lab. 33: 50 (1970).
Madotheca caespitans Steph. in Mem. Soc. Sci. Nat. Gherburg 29: 218 (1894).
Bhutan. Nala-Tzatogang, 3400-3200 m (May 26, 1967).
Distr. Bhutan, and W, China (Yunnan).
The plant of this specimen is a form between the type and var. setigera (Steph.) Hatt. in Journ. Hattori Bot. Lab. 33: 53 (1970).

var. nipponica Hatt. in Journ. Hattori Bot. Lab. 33: 57 (1970).
Bhutan. Neylong-Tashiling, 2300-2400 m (Apr. 15, 1967); Tongsa-Tashiling, 1900-2300m (Apr. 19,1967).
Distr. var. nippoiiica: Bhutan, India (Assam), W. China (Szechuan), Formosa, and Japan.

Porella campylophylla (Lehm. & Lindenb.) Trev.: Fl. E. Himal,.524 (1966).
Bhutan. Rukubi-Neylong, 2400-2800 m (Apr. 14, 1967); Chamsa-Yabu Thang, 3200-3700 m (May 15, 1967); Tzatogang-Dotanang, 2800 m, Tsuga forest (May 27, 1967).

var. ligulifera (Tayl.) Hatt. in Journ. Hattori Bot. Lab. 32; 333 (1969).
Madotheca ligulifera Tayl. in Lehm., Pugillus 8:10 (1844).
Bhutan. Tongsa-Tashiling, 1900-2300 m (Apr. 19, 1967).
Distr. Himalaya, Bengal, Punjab Plain, Burma, and S. India; var. ligulifera:India (Mussoorie, W. Bengal, Assam), Nepal, and Bhutan.

Porella densifolia (Steph.) Hatt. in Journ, Jap. Bot. 20: 109 (1944).

subsp, appendiculata (Steph.) Hatt. in Journ. Hattori Bot. Lab, 32: 343 (1969).
Porella appendiculata (Steph.) Hatt.: Fl, E. Himal. 524 (1966).
Bhutan. Tzatogang-Dotanang, 2800 m, Tsuga forest (May 27, 1967).
Distr. Himalaya, Mussoorie, Punjab Plain, and China (Yunnan, Szechuan).

Porella nitens (Steph.) Hatt.: Fl. E. Himal. 525 (1966).
Bhutan. Ritang-Rukubi, 2600-3400 m (Apr. 13, 1967); Rukubi-Neylong, 2400-2800 m (Apr. 14, 1967); Tashiling-Charikhachor, 2300-2450 m (Apr. 20, 1967).
Distr. E. Himalaya (E. Nepal, Bhutan), and W. China (Yunnan).

Porella Perrottetiana (Mont.) Trev. in Mem. Real. Istit. Lombardo ser. 3, 4:408(1877).
Bhutan. Chimakhothi-Thimphu, 2200-2450 m (Apr. 5, 1967).
Distr. India, Ceylon, Burma, China, Korea, Japan, Formosa, and Philippines.

Frullania bhutanensis Hattori, sp. nov.[Fig. 23]

A F. ornithocephala (Reinw. et al.) Nees et F, leres Sde.-Lac., spec. affinissimis, differt bracteolis et lobulis bractearum flor. fem. haud dentatis.
Plants in mats, dark to reddish brown in herbaria; stems 3-5 cm long, loosely prostrate, bipinnately branched, branches rather numerous, to 1.5 cm long, obliquely spreading; rhizoids scarce. Stem leaves imbricate: lobe concave with strongly incurved apex, when flattened obovate-oblong with dorsal margin arching ca. stem width (or more) beyond the farther edge of stem and with large, rounded subquadrate basal appendage, ca. 1.2 mm long and wide; lobule almost touching stem, saccate, when. appressed helmet-shaped, the distal end incurved, long rostrate, and with flat, triangular, acute tip; stylus minute, composed of a row of ca. 3 cells (uniseriate) and a disc 1 or 2 cells high and 2 cells wide. Marginal cells of lobe of stem leaf 14-16 × 10-12 µ and with more or less flexuose walls and large trigones, median cells 27-34 × 13-22 µ and with flexuose walls and trigones, basal cells 30-50 × 16-22 µ and thin-walled with large, triangular to more or less nodulose, and confluent trigones and occasionally with medium-sized, nodulose or confluent intermediate thickenings; walls and trigones usually hyaline whereas cell lumina mostly brownish red. Stem underleaves distant, substransversely inserted, with strongly incurved lateral margins and small, rounded basal appendages, when flattened subrotund, 0.7-1 mm long and wide, apex shortly incised, sinus narrow but not acute, lobes triangular, acute. Branch leaves and underleaves similar to, but smaller than, the stem leaves and underleaves. Dioicous (androecia not seen); gynoecia terminal on stems or branches; perichaetial leaves in 2-3 pairs; lobe of the innermost bract larger than that of stem leaves, ovate-oblong without basal appendage, apex obtuse to subacute, mostly incurved, lobule long united with the lobe, keel indistinct, apex triangular, acute to acuminate, free margin without any dentation, stylus minute; innermost bracteole much larger than stem underleaves, ovate with incurved, non-toothed lateral margins, ca. 1/6-bilobed, sinus acute to subacute, rectangular (or less), lobes triangular, acute to acuminate, the secondary bracteole almost equal in size to stem underleaves, oblong, ca, 1/3-bilobed, sinus acute and narrow, lobes lanceolate, attenuate toward spinose apices. New shoot of the Frullania-type branching innovating from the lower bract and again floriferous (thus female flower becoming "pseudolateral"). Perianths long exserted, entirely smooth, clavate-cylindrical, inflated and not plicate (rarely broad ventral keel recognizable above), suddenly contracted to mouth and thus rounded-truncate at tip, mouth small, tubular; archegonia 2 each perianth.
Bhutan. Thimphu-Wangdu Phodrang, 1450-3200 m (Apr. 9, 1967-type in NICH 287339); Rukubi-Neylong, 2400-2800 m (Apr. 14, 1967).
Distr. Endemic.

Frullania Delavayi Steph.: Fl. E. Himal. 525 (1966).
Bhutan. Laum Thang-Chawa Gassar, 4000 m (May 19, 1967); Barshong-Nala, 3300-3700 m (May 25, 1967).
Distr. E. Himalaya (E. Nepal to Bhutan), W. China, and japan.

Frullania Duthiana Steph., Spec. Hepat. 4: 351 (1910).

var. appendiculata Hatt., var. nov. [Fig. 24]

Frullania Duthiana Steph. sensu Hatt. in Fl. E. Himal. 525 (1966).
?Frullania Horikawana Verd. in Handel- Mazzetti, Symb. Sin. 5: 36, fig. 14, 4-7 (1930).
A typo recedit lobis foliorum cum appendiculis basalibus bene distinctis, sub quadratis, lobulis rostratis, rostro plus minusve elongato.
Plants small to medium-sized, red-brown in herbaria; stems 3-4.5 cm long, pin-nately branched, branches obliquely or widely spreading, 4-7 mm long, but occasionally elongate and similar to the stem; rhizoids scarce, in a bundle at the protruding underleaf middle. Stem leaves imbricate; lobe widely spreading, con cave ventrally with involute apex, when flattened obovate-oblong with dorsal margin arching beyond the farther edge of stem and with large, subquadrate basal appendage, 0.8-1 mm long, ca, 8 mm wide, apex rounded (or more or less obtuse); lobule nearly parallel with, and almost touching, the stem, mostly saccate and helmet-shaped, mouth wide and truncate with more or less long-rostrate proboscis; rarely, lobule not saccate but canaliculate-lanceolate with obtuse apex; stylus small, composed of a row of ca. 3 uniseriate cells and of a subquadrate disc 3-4 cells high and 3 cells wide. Marginal cells of stem leaf lobe quadrate, 14-16 × 13-16 µ, and with large, triangular or subnodulose trigones, median cells rectangular, 27-34 × 14-16 µ, and with large, subnodulose trigones and intermediate thickenings of walls, basal cells 18-32 × 18-22 µ and with large, nodulose trigones and, occasionally, also similar intermediate thickenings; cell lumina brownish red, walls and trigones nearly the same in color (to subhyaline). Stem undcrleaves contiguous, margin mostly recurved, when flattened rotund, 0.55-0.65 mm long, 0.65-0.85 mm wide, slightly rounded-appendaged at base, insertion subtransverse or more or less sinuate. Dioicous (androecia not seen); gynoecia terminal on stems or leading branches, with a single subfloral innovation (often below the inner pair of bracts); perichaetial leaves in ca. 2 pairs, lobes of inner bracts much larger than those of stem leaves, ovate, margins mostly slightly incurved, absolutely entire, apices obtuse to rounded; lobules long connate with lobes, ovate-triangular, margins almost absolutely entire (but toothed at the very base where spinose styli also occur), mostly recurved, apices elongate-triangular, subacute or narrowly obtuse; inner bracteole much larger than stem underleaf, connate at one side with bract lobule, widely oblong, margin more or less recurved and crispate-repand, apex shallowly bilobed, sinus wide, lunate, lobes triangular, subacute. Perianths exserted, obovoid, ca. 2 mm long and 1.3 mm wide, ca. 8-plicate (or ca. 10-plicate with much smaller additional plicae), plicae sharp, angulate-repand or -crispate, mouth very short and indistinct.
Bhutan. Shodu-Barshong, ca. 3600 m, Abies forest (May 24, 1967-type in NICH 287259).
Distr. var. Duthiana: Himalaya (Kidarkanta); var. appendiculata: Sikkim and Bhutan.

Frullania ericoides (Nees) Nees in Gottsche et al., Synop. Hepat. 417 (1845).
Frullania squarrosa (Reinw. et al.) Nees in Gottsche et al., l.c. 416 (1845)-Fl. E. Himal, 527 (1966).
Bhutan. Tongsa-Uto La Road, 2200-2950 m (Apr. 17, 1967); Bhotokha-Rinchu, 1450-1500 m (May 8, 1967).
Distr. Widely distributed in Asia, Pacific Is., Australia, N. & S. America, and Africa.

Frullania Giraldiana Massal.: Fl. E. Himal. 525 (1966).
Bhutan. Tongsa-Uto La Road, 2200-2950 m (Apr. 17, 1967).
Distr. E. Himalaya (E. Nepal, Bhutan), and China (Shensi, Szechuan).

Frullania Grevilleana Tayl.: Fl. E. Himal. 526 (1966).
Bhutan. Ritang-Rukubi, 2600-3400 m (Apr. 13, 1967); Rukubi-Neylong, 2400-2800 m (Apr. 14, 1967); Neylong-Tashiling, 2300-2400 m (Apr. 15, 1967); Tashiling-Tongsa, 1900-2300 m (Apr. 16, 1967); Tongsa, 2200 m (Apr. 17, 1967); Tashiling-Charikhachor, 2300-2450 m (Apr. 20, 1967); Tamji-Gasa, 2200-2800 m (May 13, 1967); Gasa-Chamsa, 2800-3750 m (May 14, 1967); Yabu Thang-Laya, 3400-3850 m (May 16, 1967); Chawa Gassar-Seanchu Passa, 3900-4750 m (May 20, 1967);Seanchu Passa-Chabecha, 3800-4400 m (May 21, 1967); Lingshi-Shodu, 4000-4800 m (May 23, 1967); Barshong-Nala, 3700-3300 m (May 25. 1967); Nala-Tzatogang, 3200-3400 m, Abies forest (May 26, 1967).
Distr. E. Himalaya.

Frullania neurota Tayl: Fl. E. Himal, 526 (1966).
Bhutan. Tinlegang, 1950m (May 4, 1967).
Distr. E. Himalaya (Nepal, Sikkim, Bhutan), India, Ceylon, Java, China, Hawaii, and ?Mexico.

Frullania physantha Mitt.: Fl. E. Himal. 527 (1966).
Bhutan. Chamsa-Yabu Thang, 3200-3700 m (May 15, 1967).
Distr. E. Himalaya, Bengal, Khasia, and China (Hunan).

?Frullania retusa Mitt.: Fl. E. Himal. 527 (1966).
Bhutan. Barshong-Nala, 3300-3700 m (May 25, 1967).
Distr. Himalaya.

Frullania rhystocolea Herz. in Hand.-Mazzetti, Symb. Sin. 5: 39, fig. 4: 1-9 (1930).

var. parva Hattori, var. nov. [Fig. 25]

A typo differt plicis perianthiorum tenuioribus, minus ruguloso-inflatis, bracteis fern. flor. intimis fere obtusis, planta minore, amphigastriis haud latioribus quam longioribus, rima angusta, lobis fere acutis.
Plants small, reddish to dark brown in herbaria; stem creeping on branches and bark of trees and shrubs, ca. 1 cm long, rather irregularly and remotely branched, branches mostly short and ca. 2 mm long, but occasionally elongate and similar to the stem; rhizoids scarce, almost in bundles. Stem leaves loosely imbricate: lobe more or less concave ventrally with narrowly incurved apex, obovate-rotund, ca. 0.3 mm long and wide, dorsal margin arching ca. stem width beyond the farther edge of stem, basal appendage rounded; lobule variable in size and shape, usually saccate and helmet-shaped, comparatively large, nearly parallel with stem (nearly touching it or a little separated from it), mouth truncate to more or less concave with beaked distal end; lobule rarely not saccate but canaliculate-lanceolate with obtuse apex; stylus minute, composed of a row of 4-5 uniseriate cells and a disc 1 cell high and 1-2 cells wide. Marginal cells of lobe of stem leaf 10-13 × 10-11 µ and rather thin-walled with small to medium-sized trigones and frequently with smaller intermediate thickenings, median cells 13-21 × 11-14 µ and thin-walled with medium-sized trigones and frequently with smaller intermediate thickenings, basal cells 20-30 × 13-20 µ and thin-walled with medium-sized to large trigones and frequently with smaller intermediate thickenings; cell walls and trigones hyaline to faintly red, cell lumina more or less red-brown. Stem underleaves contiguous or a little distant, nearly flat, obovate-rotund, 0.2-0.25 mm long and wide, apex shortly incised (ca. 1/10-lobed), sinus acute or subacute and narrow, lobes acute (rarely subacute). Branch leaves and underleaves similar to, but mostly smaller than, the stem leaves and underleaves. Dioicous (androecia not seen); gynoecia terminal on stems or leading branches, bearing below the gynoecium a new shoot of the Frullania-type branching which may become elongate and again floriferous. Perichaetial leaves in 3 pairs: dorsal lobe of the innermost bract much larger than stem leaves, lacking basal appendage, ovate-oblong, apex obtuse (rarely shortly subacute), margin absolutely entire; lobule long connate with lobe, lanceolate, free margin without dentation, apex triangular, acuminate, acute; innermost bracteole much larger than stem underleaves, oblong, highly conjugated at one side with bract lobule, lateral margins often with 1 or 2 spinose teeth, apex ca. 1/5-bilobed, sinus acute and narrow, lobes spinose. Perianths exserted, obovoid, 1-1.2 mm long, 0.7- 1 mm wide, densely plicate, plicae 12-14, irregularly inflated and crooked, mouth short-tubular.
Bhutan. Tongsa, 2200 m (Apr. 17, 1967); Tongsa-Uto La Road, 2200-2950 m (Apr. 17, 1967); Bhotokha-Rinchu, 1450-1500 m (May 8, 1967-type m NIGH 287397).
Distr. var. rhystocolea: W. China (Yunnan); var. parva: Bhutan.

Frullania schensiana Massal.: Fl. E. Himal. 527 (1966).
Bhutan. Tongsa-Uto La Road, 2200-2950 m (Apr. 17, 1967); Tongsa, 2200 m (Apr. 17, 1967); Chabecha-Lingshi, 3800-4100 m (May 22, 1967).
Distr. E. Himalaya (Nepal, Sikkim, Bhutan), China (Shensi et al.), Formosa, Korea, and Japan.

Frullania yunanensis Steph.: Fl. E. Himal. 528 (1966).
Bhutan. Thimphu-Wangdu Phodrang, 1450-3250 m (Apr. 9, 1967); Rukubi-Neylong, 2400-2800 m (Apr. 14, 1967); Neylong-Tashiling, 2300-2400 m (Apr. 15, 1967); Tashiling-Tongsa, 1900-2300 m (Apr. 16, 1967); Tongsa-Uto La Road, 2200-2950 m (Apr. 17, 1967); Tongsa, 2200m (Apr. 17, 1967); Tongsa-Tashiling, 1900-2300 m (Apr. 19, 1967); Tamji-Gasa, 2200-2800 m (May 13, 1967); Chamsa-Yabu Thang, 3200-3700 m (May 15, 1967); Laya-Laum Thang, 3850-4100 m (May 18, 1967); Chawa Gassar-Seanchu Passa, 3900-4750 m (May 20, 1967); Seanchu Passa-Chabecha, 3800-4400m (May 21, 1967); Chabecha-Lingshi, 3800-4100 m (May 22, 1967); Lingshi-Shodu, 4000 m (May 23, 1967); Shodu-Barshong, 3700-4000 m (May 24, 1967); Barshong-Nala, 3300-3700 m (May 25, 1967); Nala-Tzatogang, 3200-3400 m, Abies forest (May 26, 1967); Tzatogang-Dotanang, 2700-3200 m (May 27, 1967).
Distr. Himalaya, and China (Yunnan).

Jubula Hutchinsiae (Hook.) Dum. subsp. javanica (Steph.) Verd.: Fl. E. Himal. 529 (1966).
Bhutan. Rukubi-Neylong, 2400-2800 m (Apr. 14, 1967).
Distr. ?Asia Minor to Caucasus, India, Malaysia, Philippines, New Guinea, Samoa, Formosa, and Japan.

Cheilolejeunea subopaca (Mitt.) Mizut.: Fl. E. Himal. 529 (1966).
Bhutan. Gasa-Chamsa, 2800-3750 m (May 14, 1967).
Distr. E. Himalaya (Nepal, Sikkim, Bhutan), and Khasia.

Lejeunea appendiculata Mitt.: Fl. E. Himal. 530 (1966).
Bhutan. Ritang-Rukubi, 2600-3400 m (Apr. 13, 1967).
Distr. E. Himalaya (E. Nepal, Sikkim, Bhutan).

Lejeimea flava (Swartz) Nees, Naturgesch. Eur. Leberm. 3: 277 (1838).
Bhutan. Rukubi-Neylong, 2400-2800 m (Apr. 14, 1967).
Distr. E. Himalaya, India, China, Formosa, Japan, Malaysia, N. and S. America, Europe, Africa, Australia, New Zealand, and Pacific Is.

Lejeunea Mittenii Mizt.: Fl. E. Himal. 530 (1966).
Bhutan. Ncylong-Tashiling, 2300-2400 m (Apr. 15, 1967); Mala-Tzatogang, 3400-3200m (May 26, 1967).
Distr. E. Himalaya, Bengal, Assam, and Burma.

Ptychanthus striatus (Lehm. & Linclenb.) Nees: Fl, E. Himal. 531 (1966).
This species was recorded from Bhutan by Schiffner (1899) as Ptychanthns Nietneri (Steph.) Schiffn. which is now considered as a synonym of Ptychanthus striatus. This species was found in 11 collections made in 1967 in Bhutan.

Spruceanthus semirepandus (Nees) Verd.: Fl. E. Himal. 532 (1966).
Bhutan. Ritang-Rukubi, 2600-3400 m (Apr. 13, 1967); Neylong-Tashiling, 2300-2400 m (Apr. 15, 1967); Tashiling-Charikhachor, 2300-2450 m (Apr. 20, 1967); Bhotokha-Rinchu, 1450-1500 m (May 8, 1967); Tamji-Gasa, 2200-2800 m (May 13, 1967); Seanchu Passa-Chabecha, 3800-4400 m (May 21, 1967).
Distr. E. Himalaya, Khasia, Ceylon, Malaysia, extending to Borneo and the Philippines, China, Formosa, and Japan.

Trocholejeunea infuscata (Mitt.) Verd.: Fl. E. Himal. 533 (1966).
Reported by Schiffner from Bhutan as Homalolejeunea levieri Steph. which is now a synonym of the present species. It was found in 3 collections made in 1967.
Distr. E. Himalaya, Khasia, Ceylon, Burma, and S. W. China.

Metzgeria Kanaii Kuwahara, sp. nov.
Dioica (rami masculi haud visa); frons dichotoma, 1-2 mm lata, 1.5 cm longa. Alae 16-29 cellulas latae; cellulae alarum mediae 40-65-(75) × 30-53 µ. Costa tenuis, cellulis corticalibus antice 2, postice (3)-4-(5) seriatis. Gemmae marginales.
Bhutan. Chawa Gassar-Seanchu Passa, 4100m (May 20, 1967-type in NICH 287255).
Distr. Endemic.

Metzgeria macrospora Kuwahara in Journ. Hattori Bot. Lab. 32: 17 (1969).
Metzgeria consanguinea auct. non Schiffn.; Hatt. in Fl. E. Himal, 534 (1966).
Distr. Endemic in Sikkim.

Marchantia paleacea Bertol.: Fl. E. Himal. 535 (1966).
Bhutan. Wangdu Phodrang, 1450-2100 m (Apr. 10, 1967).
Distr. Europe, Himalaya, India to Japan, N. & C. America, and Africa.

Marchantia palmata Reinw. et al. in Nova Acta Acad. Caes. Leop. 12: 193 (1824).
Sikkim. Middle Camp-Papung, 500-800 m (Jun. 28, 1969); Singhik, 1500 m (Jun. 30,1969).
Distr. India (Himalaya, Punjab, S. India, Assam, Bengal), Ceylon, Java, Philippines, New Guinea, Vietnam, and China (Kwantung).

Reboulia hemisphaerica (L.) Raddi, Opus. Sci. Bologna 2: 357 (1818).
Bhutan. Gasa-Chamsa, 2800-3750 m (May 14, 1967).
Distr. India, Nepal, Java, New Guinea, China, Korea, Japan, Bonins, Siberia, N. and S. America, Europe, Caucasus, Asia minor, Africa, Australia, and New Zealand.

Conocephalum conicum (L.) Dum., Corn. Bot. 115 (1822).
Bhutan. Rukubi-Neylong, 2400-2800 m (Apr. 14, 1967); Tongsa-Uto La Road, 2200-2950 m (Apr. 17, 1967); Nala-Tzatogang, 3400-3200 m (May 26, 1967).
Distr. Europe, Himalaya, Tibet, China, Korea, Japan, Siberia, Kuriles, N. America, Algeria, Madeira, and Azores.

Riccia fluitans L.: Fl. E. Himal. 536 (1966).
Bhutan. Samtengang-Ritang, 2000-2800 m (Apr. 11, 1967).
Distr. Cosmopolitan.

1) Dr. T. Amakawa and other colleagues helped me with the identification of all the specimens of the following groups; 1) Jungermanniaceae, Scapaniaceae and Marchantiaceae (by Dr. Tairoku Amakawa); 2) PIagiochilaceae (by Dr. Hiroshi Inoue); 3) Lepidoziaceae and Jubulaceae (by Dr. Masami Mizutani); 4) Metzgeriaceae (by Dr. Yuklnobu Kuwahara).[return to the text]